This thesis aims to analyze the complex line of demarcation between high parental conflict and witnessed violence, providing an overview of the essential clinical-forensic indicators for differential diagnosis during interviews with minors. Framing the phenomenon within the Italian context, the paper explores the role of the forensic psychologist operating as a Court-Appointed Expert (CTU) or Party Expert (CTP) in civil and criminal disputes. Through an examination of the theoretical framework, witnessed violence is defined as a cumulative trauma with severe repercussions on the minor's neuropsychological development, distinguishing it from the couple dynamics and triangulation typical of mere conflict; from this perspective, the risk of overlap between the two constructs in judicial contexts is thoroughly examined, with reference to the international regulatory framework of the Istanbul Convention. On a methodological level, the study reviews the main national and international guidelines, such as the Carta di Noto IV and the Venice Protocol, focusing on the management of the setting and the expert-minor relationship to prevent phenomena of suggestibility, compliance, and secondary victimization, with a specific focus on the adaptation of structured interview protocols (e.g., NICHD). The core of the investigation focuses on identifying differential indicators in the child's narrative, contrasting typical signs of trauma (fragmentation of memories, traumatic phobia, dissociation) with those resulting from conditioning (stereotyped narratives, absence of ambivalence, adultized language), while assessing the impact of both matrices on attachment bonds. In conclusion, the practical implications for the work of Court-Appointed Experts and Magistrates are discussed, highlighting the limitations of current literature and future perspectives for scientific research.
Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di analizzare la complessa linea di demarcazione tra l'alta conflittualità genitoriale e la violenza assistita, fornendo una panoramica sugli indicatori clinico-forensi essenziali per la diagnosi differenziale nel colloquio con il minore. Inquadrando il fenomeno all'interno del contesto italiano, l'elaborato approfondisce il ruolo dello psicologo forense, operante come Consulente Tecnico d'Ufficio (CTU) o di Parte (CTP), nelle controversie civili e penali. Attraverso l'esame del quadro teorico, la violenza assistita viene definita come un trauma cumulativo con gravi ripercussioni sullo sviluppo neuropsicologico del minore, differenziandola dalle dinamiche di coppia e di triangolazione tipiche del mero conflitto; in quest'ottica, viene sviscerato il rischio di sovrapposizione tra i due costrutti nei contesti giudiziari, richiamando la cornice normativa internazionale della Convenzione di Istanbul. Sul piano metodologico, lo studio passa in rassegna le principali linee guida nazionali e internazionali, quali la Carta di Noto IV e il Protocollo di Venezia, focalizzandosi sulla gestione del setting e della relazione esperto-minore per prevenire fenomeni di suggestione, compliance e vittimizzazione secondaria, con un focus sull'adattamento di protocolli strutturati di intervista (es. NICHD). Il nucleo dell'indagine si concentra sull'individuazione degli indicatori differenziali nel racconto del minore, contrapponendo i segni tipici del trauma (frammentazione dei ricordi, fobia traumatica, dissociazione) a quelli da condizionamento (narrazioni stereotipate, assenza di ambivalenza, linguaggio adultizzato), valutando l'impatto di entrambe le matrici sui legami di attaccamento. In conclusione, vengono discusse le implicazioni pratiche per l'operato di CTU e Magistrati, evidenziando i limiti della letteratura attuale e le prospettive future della ricerca scientifica.
Dall'alta conflittualità alla violenza assistita: indicatori clinico-forensi per la diagnosi differenziale nel colloquio con il minore
FERRARIO, AZZURRA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyze the complex line of demarcation between high parental conflict and witnessed violence, providing an overview of the essential clinical-forensic indicators for differential diagnosis during interviews with minors. Framing the phenomenon within the Italian context, the paper explores the role of the forensic psychologist operating as a Court-Appointed Expert (CTU) or Party Expert (CTP) in civil and criminal disputes. Through an examination of the theoretical framework, witnessed violence is defined as a cumulative trauma with severe repercussions on the minor's neuropsychological development, distinguishing it from the couple dynamics and triangulation typical of mere conflict; from this perspective, the risk of overlap between the two constructs in judicial contexts is thoroughly examined, with reference to the international regulatory framework of the Istanbul Convention. On a methodological level, the study reviews the main national and international guidelines, such as the Carta di Noto IV and the Venice Protocol, focusing on the management of the setting and the expert-minor relationship to prevent phenomena of suggestibility, compliance, and secondary victimization, with a specific focus on the adaptation of structured interview protocols (e.g., NICHD). The core of the investigation focuses on identifying differential indicators in the child's narrative, contrasting typical signs of trauma (fragmentation of memories, traumatic phobia, dissociation) with those resulting from conditioning (stereotyped narratives, absence of ambivalence, adultized language), while assessing the impact of both matrices on attachment bonds. In conclusion, the practical implications for the work of Court-Appointed Experts and Magistrates are discussed, highlighting the limitations of current literature and future perspectives for scientific research.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/113872