Autism spectrum disorder is characterised by the presence of specific difficulties in communication and social interaction. Among the aspects that are impaired in the disorder are also deficits related to Theory of Mind, difficulties with self-conscious emotions (guilt, shame and pride) and increased levels of social anxiety. Self-conscious emotions are very complex emotions and are thought to support the maintenance of social norms and personal standards. The following research aims to evaluate the relationship between theory of mind and self-conscious emotions in children with ASD and typical development. Specifically, it is intended to ascertain whether significant differences are found: in the ToM task where it is hypothesised that children with autism will perform less well than TDs (especially in the affective component of the construct); with regard to self-conscious emotions it is hypothesised that children with ASDs will obtain lower scores especially for shame than TDs, as they experience greater difficulty in recognising these emotions. Another aspect taken into consideration is the level of social anxiety experienced in the children and parents of both experimental groups, the hypotheses concern: one the relationship between the variables under consideration (ToM, self-conscious emotions and social anxiety), the other assumes that the group with reports higher levels of social anxiety.
Il disturbo dello spettro autistico è caratterizzato per la presenza di specifiche difficoltà relative all’area della comunicazione e dell’interazione sociale. Tra gli aspetti che risultano essere compromessi nel disturbo vi sono anche deficit legati alla Teoria della Mente, difficoltà nelle emozioni autocoscienti (senso di colpa, vergogna e orgoglio) e maggiori livelli di ansia sociale. Le emozioni autocoscienti sono emozioni molto complesse e si pensa che favoriscano il mantenimento delle norme sociali e degli standard personali. La seguente ricerca si pone come obiettivo quello di valutare la relazione tra teoria della mente e le emozioni autocoscienti nei bambini con ASD e a sviluppo tipico. Nello specifico si intende verificare se si riscontreranno delle differenze significative: nel compito di ToM in cui si ipotizza che i bambini con autismo otterranno prestazioni inferiori rispetto al TD (soprattutto nella componente affettiva del costrutto); per quanto riguarda le emozioni autocoscienti si ipotizza che i bambini con ASD otterranno punteggi inferiori soprattutto per il la vergogna rispetto ai TD, in quanto sperimentano maggiori difficoltà a riconoscere tali emozioni. Altro aspetto preso in considerazione è il livello di ansia sociale sperimentato nei bambini e nei genitori di entrambi i gruppi sperimentali, le ipotesi riguardano: una la relazione tra le variabili in considerazione (ToM, emozioni autocoscienti e ansia sociale), l’altra assume che il gruppo con riporti maggiori livelli di ansia sociale.
Emozioni autocoscienti e Teoria della Mente in bambini e ragazzi con Autismo senza disabilità intellettiva
FINOCCHIARO, SIMONA
2021/2022
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is characterised by the presence of specific difficulties in communication and social interaction. Among the aspects that are impaired in the disorder are also deficits related to Theory of Mind, difficulties with self-conscious emotions (guilt, shame and pride) and increased levels of social anxiety. Self-conscious emotions are very complex emotions and are thought to support the maintenance of social norms and personal standards. The following research aims to evaluate the relationship between theory of mind and self-conscious emotions in children with ASD and typical development. Specifically, it is intended to ascertain whether significant differences are found: in the ToM task where it is hypothesised that children with autism will perform less well than TDs (especially in the affective component of the construct); with regard to self-conscious emotions it is hypothesised that children with ASDs will obtain lower scores especially for shame than TDs, as they experience greater difficulty in recognising these emotions. Another aspect taken into consideration is the level of social anxiety experienced in the children and parents of both experimental groups, the hypotheses concern: one the relationship between the variables under consideration (ToM, self-conscious emotions and social anxiety), the other assumes that the group with reports higher levels of social anxiety.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/36644