Introduction. Preterm newborns, in the context of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), are often exposed to excessive and inadequate sensory stimuli which they are not able to process due to the immaturity of the systems responsible for the capturing and modulating of those inputs. This condition can generate an important sensory dysregulation that impacts negatively on behavioral and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Objective. The aim of this thesis is the definition and proposal of an observation form to investigate the sensory profile of the preterm newborn, used to promote joint observations with the caregiver, supporting the process of becoming a parent, increasing the parenting self-efficacy and encouraging adequate early dyadic interactions. These interactions represent the best context in which self-regulation skills of the child can mature and its emotional and affective development can happen. Materials and methods. The specific scientific literature was reviewed in order to identify the existing tools. The review led to the definition of the observation form. Eventually, this tool was used to offer joint observations of the child to caregivers, sharing with them information about the sensory development, and tools to identify its signals and promote co-regulation. The efficacy of the intervention was then measured through a questionnaire dispensed to the parents. Discussion. We were able to confirm the efficacy of the observation form to identify the specific characteristics of the sensory profile of each newborn. This allowed us to point out and highlight the most adequate strategies to promote and enhance the self-regulating mechanisms. Moreover, the results obtained through the questionnaires confirmed the efficacy of the joint observations in supporting parenting self-efficacy. Conclusions. It was possible to recognize the importance of a specific observation tool and the joint observations to identify and share with the caregiver the sensory profile of the newborn. In addition, we were able to point out the importance of the role of the TNPEE in supporting parent-newborn relationship, the process of assumption of the parental role and promoting a model of Family Integrated Care in the NICU.
Introduzione. Il neonato pretermine è spesso esposto, nel contesto della Terapia Intensiva Neonatale (TIN), ad un bombardamento sensoriale a cui non può rispondere in modo adeguato poiché i meccanismi preposti alla raccolta, processazione e modulazione degli input sensoriali sono fisiologicamente immaturi. Questa condizione può generare una significativa disregolazione senso-percettiva, con effetti negativi sulle traiettorie di sviluppo neurocomportamentale del bambino. Obiettivo. Questa tesi si propone come obiettivo la definizione di uno strumento osservativo del profilo sensoriale del neonato prematuro, utile per promuovere momenti di osservazione congiunta con il caregiver, al fine di sostenerlo nel processo di assunzione del ruolo genitoriale, aumentando il senso di autoefficacia e favorendo scambi diadici precoci adeguati. Tali scambi rappresentano il contesto ambientale e relazionale imprescindibile per la maturazione delle abilità di autoregolazione del bambino e per promuoverne lo sviluppo affettivo-emotivo. Materiali e metodi. È stata effettuata una revisione della letteratura scientifica al fine di individuare gli strumenti già esistenti sull’argomento. In seguito a questa fase è stata elaborata la scheda di osservazione. La scheda è stata utilizzata per proporre ai caregiver osservazioni congiunte del neonato, fornendo informazioni sullo sviluppo sensoriale, strumenti e strategie per riconoscerne i segnali e favorire la co-regolazione. Si è poi valutata l’efficacia dell’intervento mediante la somministrazione di questionari. Discussione. È stato possibile confermare l’utilità della scheda come strumento osservativo per l’individuazione delle specifiche caratteristiche del profilo sensoriale di ciascun neonato. Questo ha permesso di sottolineare ed evidenziare le modalità di accudimento più adeguate per promuovere e favorire i meccanismi auto-regolativi. I dati raccolti attraverso i questionari hanno inoltre confermato l’utilità del momento di osservazione congiunta nel sostenere il senso di autoefficacia genitoriale. Conclusioni. Dal seguente lavoro emerge l’importanza di utilizzare una scheda osservativa specifica e di proporre momenti di osservazione congiunta per individuare e condividere con il caregiver il profilo sensoriale del neonato. Risulta inoltre significativo il ruolo del TNPEE nel contesto della TIN come strumento di supporto alla relazione diadica, all’acquisizione del ruolo genitoriale, e di promozione di un modello di Family Integrated Care.
Caregiver e co-regolazione: proposta di una scheda di osservazione del profilo sensoriale del neonato prematuro
SAVONA, SARA
2021/2022
Abstract
Introduction. Preterm newborns, in the context of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), are often exposed to excessive and inadequate sensory stimuli which they are not able to process due to the immaturity of the systems responsible for the capturing and modulating of those inputs. This condition can generate an important sensory dysregulation that impacts negatively on behavioral and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Objective. The aim of this thesis is the definition and proposal of an observation form to investigate the sensory profile of the preterm newborn, used to promote joint observations with the caregiver, supporting the process of becoming a parent, increasing the parenting self-efficacy and encouraging adequate early dyadic interactions. These interactions represent the best context in which self-regulation skills of the child can mature and its emotional and affective development can happen. Materials and methods. The specific scientific literature was reviewed in order to identify the existing tools. The review led to the definition of the observation form. Eventually, this tool was used to offer joint observations of the child to caregivers, sharing with them information about the sensory development, and tools to identify its signals and promote co-regulation. The efficacy of the intervention was then measured through a questionnaire dispensed to the parents. Discussion. We were able to confirm the efficacy of the observation form to identify the specific characteristics of the sensory profile of each newborn. This allowed us to point out and highlight the most adequate strategies to promote and enhance the self-regulating mechanisms. Moreover, the results obtained through the questionnaires confirmed the efficacy of the joint observations in supporting parenting self-efficacy. Conclusions. It was possible to recognize the importance of a specific observation tool and the joint observations to identify and share with the caregiver the sensory profile of the newborn. In addition, we were able to point out the importance of the role of the TNPEE in supporting parent-newborn relationship, the process of assumption of the parental role and promoting a model of Family Integrated Care in the NICU.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/38732