Aflatoxins are carcinogenic metabolites produced by different species of Aspergillus that colonize many agri-food products both in the field and in post-harvest. The most widespread and toxic is aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Farm animals fed with AFB1-contaminated feed are able to transform this mycotoxin into aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), which is then secreted into the milk causing toxicity for consumers. Despite the existence of legal limits that establish the maximum concentration of AFM1 in milk and dairy products, AFM1 contamination in these food products is a concern both in Italy and worldwide, as it’s a potential cause of chronic toxicity in case of continuous intake of small quantities. Milk contamination can be reduced directly or indirectly, by using good agricultural practices and proper conservation management to limit the development of mycotoxigenic fungi, but also by using physical, chemical and biological treatments. This paper deals of innovative biological detoxification strategies to reduce AFM1 contamination in milk and dairy products, in particular through the use of microorganisms such as yeasts and bacteria capable of absorbing and/or degrading the toxin.
Le aflatossine sono metaboliti cancerogeni prodotti da diverse specie di Aspergillus che colonizzano numerosi prodotti agroalimentari sia in campo che in post-raccolta. La più diffusa e tossica è l’aflatossina B1 (AFB1). Animali da allevamento alimentati con mangimi contaminati da AFB1 sono in grado di trasformare questa micotossina in aflatossina M1 (AFM1), che viene poi escreta nel latte causando tossicità per i consumatori. Nonostante l’esistenza di limiti di legge che stabiliscono la concentrazione massima di AFM1 nel latte e nei prodotti lattiero-caseari, la contaminazione da AFM1 in questi prodotti alimentari rappresenta una preoccupazione sia in Italia che a livello mondiale, in quanto è potenziale causa di tossicità cronica in caso di assunzione continua di piccole quantità. La contaminazione del latte può essere ridotta direttamente o indirettamente, utilizzando buone pratiche agricole e una corretta gestione della conservazione per limitare lo sviluppo dei funghi micotossigeni ma anche utilizzando trattamenti di tipo fisico, chimico e biologico. Il presente elaborato tratta le strategie innovative di detossificazione biologica per ridurre la contaminazione da AFM1 nel latte e nei suoi derivati, in particolare mediante l’utilizzo di microorganismi quali lieviti e batteri in grado di assorbire e/o degradare la tossina.
STRATEGIE DI RIDUZIONE DELLA CONTAMINAZIONE DA AFLATOSSINA M1 NEL LATTE E NEI PRODOTTI LATTIERO-CASEARI MEDIANTE L’UTILIZZO DI MICRORGANISMI
TONELLO, ALBERTO
2021/2022
Abstract
Aflatoxins are carcinogenic metabolites produced by different species of Aspergillus that colonize many agri-food products both in the field and in post-harvest. The most widespread and toxic is aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Farm animals fed with AFB1-contaminated feed are able to transform this mycotoxin into aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), which is then secreted into the milk causing toxicity for consumers. Despite the existence of legal limits that establish the maximum concentration of AFM1 in milk and dairy products, AFM1 contamination in these food products is a concern both in Italy and worldwide, as it’s a potential cause of chronic toxicity in case of continuous intake of small quantities. Milk contamination can be reduced directly or indirectly, by using good agricultural practices and proper conservation management to limit the development of mycotoxigenic fungi, but also by using physical, chemical and biological treatments. This paper deals of innovative biological detoxification strategies to reduce AFM1 contamination in milk and dairy products, in particular through the use of microorganisms such as yeasts and bacteria capable of absorbing and/or degrading the toxin.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/40896