Nowadays preventing the onset of a disease has become extremely important in the dairy farms, in order to reduce as much as possible the excessive use of antibiotics, as well to limit the huge economic losses that the lameness events have on the productive and reproductive performance of the herd. In a dairy herd, in addition to mastitis, lame problems are the order of the day; regardless of their origin, infectious or traumatic, injuries to the locomotor system are characterized by having a multifactorial etiology. Genetic, environmental and nutritional factors are the three key areas to be considered when implementing an effective prevention plan against cow’s lameness problems. The initial part of this thesis aimed at getting to know the anatomy and physiology of the cow’s foot. Then it was followed by analysis of the most common podiatric pathologies in dairy cattle. Aspects relating to the etiology of the various problems and methods for their prevention were also examined. In the second part of the document, results of survey involving 20 Friesian dairy cattle farms located in the area of the municipality of Pozzoleone (VI) were presented, with the aim of obtaining information on the incidence and type of podiatric lesions. The survey, carried out by means of a questionnaire proposed to breeders, aimed at finding out the frequency with which podiatric problems lead to culling of cows. Finally, the importance placed by the breeder on the prevention of foot disorder was also assessed.
Al giorno d’oggi, nelle stalle da latte prevenire l’insorgenza di una patologia è diventato di estrema importanza, nell’ottica di riuscire a ridurre il più possibile lo smodato utilizzo di antibiotici e soprattutto per limitare le ingenti perdite economiche che si generano della ricaduta negativa che tali eventi hanno sulle prestazioni produttive e riproduttive della mandria. In un allevamento di bovine da latte, oltre alla mastite, le problematiche podali sono purtroppo all’ordine del giorno; indipendentemente dalla loro origine, infettiva o traumatica, le lesioni all’apparato locomotore sono caratterizzate dall’avere un’eziologia multifattoriale coinvolgendo fattori genetici, ambientali e nutrizionali. Un efficacie piano di prevenzione, finalizzato a ridurre la frequenza dei problemi podali dovrà dunque affrontare questi tre fattori chiave. Nel seguente lavoro di tesi è stata sviluppata una prima parte introduttiva finalizzata a conoscere l’anatomia e la fisiologia del piede bovino, per poi proseguire con l’analisi delle patologie podali più diffuse negli allevamenti di bovine da latte. Sono stati approfonditi anche gli aspetti relativi all’eziologia dei diversi problemi e i metodi per una loro prevenzione. Nella seconda parte dell’elaborato, sono stati presentati i risultati di un monitoraggio aziendale che ha coinvolto 20 aziende di bovine da latte di razza Frisona localizzate nell’area del comune di Pozzoleone (VI), con lo scopo di ottenere informazioni relative all’incidenza e alla tipologia di lesioni podali. L’indagine realizzata mediante questionario proposto agli allevatori ha voluto conoscere la frequenza con cui i problemi podali portano ad una eliminazione delle bovine. Infine è anche stata analizzata l’importanza posta dall’allevatore in merito alla prevenzione delle patologie podali.
Indagine aziendale sull’incidenza delle lesioni podali nella bovina da latte
COSTENARO, FRANCESCA
2022/2023
Abstract
Nowadays preventing the onset of a disease has become extremely important in the dairy farms, in order to reduce as much as possible the excessive use of antibiotics, as well to limit the huge economic losses that the lameness events have on the productive and reproductive performance of the herd. In a dairy herd, in addition to mastitis, lame problems are the order of the day; regardless of their origin, infectious or traumatic, injuries to the locomotor system are characterized by having a multifactorial etiology. Genetic, environmental and nutritional factors are the three key areas to be considered when implementing an effective prevention plan against cow’s lameness problems. The initial part of this thesis aimed at getting to know the anatomy and physiology of the cow’s foot. Then it was followed by analysis of the most common podiatric pathologies in dairy cattle. Aspects relating to the etiology of the various problems and methods for their prevention were also examined. In the second part of the document, results of survey involving 20 Friesian dairy cattle farms located in the area of the municipality of Pozzoleone (VI) were presented, with the aim of obtaining information on the incidence and type of podiatric lesions. The survey, carried out by means of a questionnaire proposed to breeders, aimed at finding out the frequency with which podiatric problems lead to culling of cows. Finally, the importance placed by the breeder on the prevention of foot disorder was also assessed.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/49109