Flavescence dorée (FD) is a serious epidemic vine disease caused by a phytoplasma (FDp) and transmitted in the vineyard by the vector insect Scaphoideus titanus (St). To date, no vine varieties are known to be completely resistant to FD, but large differences in susceptibility between varieties have been reported, the mechanisms of which are still poorly understood. Friulian Tocai is almost resistant to FD thanks to the ability to confine the symptoms and the phytoplasma close to the point of inoculation. Instead, in Chardonnay, a variety very susceptible to the disease, it seems that the phytoplasma is able to manipulate the plant's defense responses. In this thesis, the colonization by FDp of different varieties of Vitis vinifera and rootstocks was studied, following the controlled inoculation of the bacterium through the use of infectious Sts. For each variety, some plants were selected and the presence and concentration of FDp was evaluated in the phloem tissue collected from different portions of the shoot, from two-year-old wood, from the rootstock and from the roots. The results suggest that the ability of FDp to colonize different parts of the plant influences the degree of susceptibility of some varieties to FD.
La Flavescenza dorata (FD) è una grave malattia della vite di carattere epidemico causata da un fitoplasma (FDp) e trasmessa in vigneto dall’insetto vettore Scaphoideus titanus (St). Ad oggi non si conoscono varietà di vite completamente resistenti alla FD, ma sono state riportate ampie differenze di suscettibilità tra le varietà, i cui meccanismi sono ancora poco noti. Il Tocai friulano è quasi resistente alla FD grazie alla capacità di confinare i sintomi e il fitoplasma vicino al punto di inoculo. Invece, nello Chardonnay, varietà molto suscettibile alla malattia, sembra che il fitoplasma sia in grado di manipolare le risposte di difesa della pianta. Nella presente tesi è stata studiata la colonizzazione, da parte di FDp, di varietà diverse di Vitis vinifera e di portinnesti, in seguito all’inoculo controllato del batterio tramite l’utilizzo di St infettivi. Per ogni varietà sono state selezionate alcune piante ed è stata valutata la presenza e la concentrazione del FDp nel tessuto floematico raccolto da diverse porzioni del tralcio, dal legno di due anni, dal portinnesto e dalle radici. I risultati suggeriscono che la capacità del FDp di colonizzare diverse parti della pianta influisca sul grado di suscettibilità di alcune varietà alla FD.
Studio della colonizzazione di diverse varietà di vite mediante infezione controllata con il fitoplasma della flavescenza dorata
CEOLIN, STELLA
2023/2024
Abstract
Flavescence dorée (FD) is a serious epidemic vine disease caused by a phytoplasma (FDp) and transmitted in the vineyard by the vector insect Scaphoideus titanus (St). To date, no vine varieties are known to be completely resistant to FD, but large differences in susceptibility between varieties have been reported, the mechanisms of which are still poorly understood. Friulian Tocai is almost resistant to FD thanks to the ability to confine the symptoms and the phytoplasma close to the point of inoculation. Instead, in Chardonnay, a variety very susceptible to the disease, it seems that the phytoplasma is able to manipulate the plant's defense responses. In this thesis, the colonization by FDp of different varieties of Vitis vinifera and rootstocks was studied, following the controlled inoculation of the bacterium through the use of infectious Sts. For each variety, some plants were selected and the presence and concentration of FDp was evaluated in the phloem tissue collected from different portions of the shoot, from two-year-old wood, from the rootstock and from the roots. The results suggest that the ability of FDp to colonize different parts of the plant influences the degree of susceptibility of some varieties to FD.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/74929