This thesis explores the complex relationship between virtual communities and the construction of digital identity among young people, with particular attention to the balance between the sense of belonging and experiences of social alienation. The first part analyzes the main theoretical models related to identity development during adolescence and early adulthood, highlighting how the digital environment has become a crucial space for self-definition. It also examines how virtual communities function as spaces for socialization, differing from traditional communities in terms of dynamics, modes of interaction, and self-representation. The second chapter focuses on the ambivalence of the online experience: on the one hand, virtual communities offer opportunities for connection, recognition, and social support; on the other, they can foster exclusion, dependency, and emotional fragility. The impact of these dynamics on psychological well-being is analyzed, considering how individual factors—such as self-esteem, relational needs, and social skills—mediate the positive or negative outcomes of online participation. Finally, the third chapter reflects on the transformation of the concept of community in the digital age and on the fluid, fragmented nature of online identity. It also discusses digital education strategies aimed at fostering a conscious and mindful use of virtual spaces, preventing psychological distress, and promoting relational well-being in digital contexts.
La presente tesi esplora il complesso rapporto tra comunità virtuali e costruzione dell’identità digitale nei giovani, con particolare attenzione all’equilibrio tra senso di appartenenza e vissuti di alienazione sociale. Nella prima parte vengono analizzati i principali modelli teorici relativi allo sviluppo dell’identità in adolescenza e nella prima età adulta, sottolineando come la dimensione digitale sia diventata un ambiente cruciale per la definizione del sé. Viene inoltre approfondito il funzionamento delle comunità virtuali, intese come spazi di socializzazione che si differenziano dalle comunità tradizionali per dinamiche, modalità di interazione e rappresentazione del sé. Il secondo capitolo si concentra sull’ambivalenza dell’esperienza online: se da un lato le comunità virtuali offrono opportunità di connessione, riconoscimento e sostegno sociale, dall’altro possono generare fenomeni di esclusione, dipendenza e fragilità emotiva. Viene analizzato l’impatto di queste dinamiche sul benessere psicologico, considerando come fattori individuali, come autostima, bisogni relazionali e competenze sociali, possano mediare gli effetti positivi o negativi della partecipazione online. Infine, il terzo capitolo propone una riflessione sulle trasformazioni del concetto di comunità nell’era digitale e sulla natura fluida e frammentata dell’identità online. Vengono discusse anche strategie di educazione digitale volte a promuovere un utilizzo consapevole degli spazi virtuali, prevenendo il disagio psicologico e favorendo il benessere relazionale nei contesti digitali.
Comunità virtuali e identità digitale nei giovani: tra appartenenza e alienazione sociale
ELIA, SERENA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis explores the complex relationship between virtual communities and the construction of digital identity among young people, with particular attention to the balance between the sense of belonging and experiences of social alienation. The first part analyzes the main theoretical models related to identity development during adolescence and early adulthood, highlighting how the digital environment has become a crucial space for self-definition. It also examines how virtual communities function as spaces for socialization, differing from traditional communities in terms of dynamics, modes of interaction, and self-representation. The second chapter focuses on the ambivalence of the online experience: on the one hand, virtual communities offer opportunities for connection, recognition, and social support; on the other, they can foster exclusion, dependency, and emotional fragility. The impact of these dynamics on psychological well-being is analyzed, considering how individual factors—such as self-esteem, relational needs, and social skills—mediate the positive or negative outcomes of online participation. Finally, the third chapter reflects on the transformation of the concept of community in the digital age and on the fluid, fragmented nature of online identity. It also discusses digital education strategies aimed at fostering a conscious and mindful use of virtual spaces, preventing psychological distress, and promoting relational well-being in digital contexts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/91498