Although food packaging is a fundamental industrial segment to grant food safety and conservation, it also represents a potential source of chemical contamination. This thesis analyzes the risk related to the presence of Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance widely used into plastic materials, focusing on its action as endocrine interferent. First of all, it will be introduced the history of food packaging materials, deepening into the general problem of the migration of chemical substances from the packaging materials. It will be explored BPA’s chemical structure, its industrial use and toxicological effects, with a point on the related scientific studies and exposure doses, which are considered safe in TDI brackets. It will be also reported the regulatory evolution, which ended in 2025 with banning the usage of BPA, highlighting the early measures adopted for the protection of children and for the development of an alternative BPA-free polymer. In conclusion, the broader topic that will be handled is about the endocrine disruptors and their impact on health, supported by recent scientific studies that highlight correlations between exposure to BPA and obesity. The thesis underlines the necessity of continuously monitoring BPA and the urgency to foster a safer alternative material.
Il food packaging rappresenta un settore cruciale per la sicurezza e la conservazione degli alimenti, ma al tempo stesso costituisce una potenziale fonte di contaminazione chimica. Questo elaborato analizza il rischio correlato alla presenza del bisfenolo A (BPA), una sostanza largamente utilizzata nei materiali plastici, rivolgendo particolare attenzione alla sua azione di interferente endocrino. Viene innanzitutto introdotta la storia dei materiali utilizzati nell’ambito del packaging alimentare, approfondendo il problema generale della migrazione di sostanze chimiche dai materiali agli alimenti. Vengono poi considerati più specificatamente il BPA, la struttura chimica, gli impieghi industriali, gli effetti tossicologici con, a sostegno, i relativi studi scientifici e le dosi di esposizione ritenute sicure (TDI). Viene inoltre riportata l’evoluzione normativa, conclusasi nel 2025 con il divieto dell’uso del BPA, evidenziando le misure precoci adottate per la protezione dei bambini e per lo sviluppo di polimeri alternativi BPA-free. Infine, viene discusso il più ampio tema degli interferenti endocrini e del loro impatto sulla salute, supportato da studi scientifici recenti che mettono in luce correlazioni tra l’esposizione al BPA e l’obesità. Il lavoro evidenzia l’urgenza di un monitoraggio continuo e lo sviluppo di materiali alternativi più sicuri per la salute pubblica.
Potenziale contaminazione nel food packaging: il rischio correlato al Bisfenolo A come interferente endocrino
BERLESE, GIULIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Although food packaging is a fundamental industrial segment to grant food safety and conservation, it also represents a potential source of chemical contamination. This thesis analyzes the risk related to the presence of Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance widely used into plastic materials, focusing on its action as endocrine interferent. First of all, it will be introduced the history of food packaging materials, deepening into the general problem of the migration of chemical substances from the packaging materials. It will be explored BPA’s chemical structure, its industrial use and toxicological effects, with a point on the related scientific studies and exposure doses, which are considered safe in TDI brackets. It will be also reported the regulatory evolution, which ended in 2025 with banning the usage of BPA, highlighting the early measures adopted for the protection of children and for the development of an alternative BPA-free polymer. In conclusion, the broader topic that will be handled is about the endocrine disruptors and their impact on health, supported by recent scientific studies that highlight correlations between exposure to BPA and obesity. The thesis underlines the necessity of continuously monitoring BPA and the urgency to foster a safer alternative material.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93875