Drosophila suzukii is a polyphagous dipteran characterized by a distinctive serrated ovipositor, which enables it to lay eggs inside both unripe and ripe red fruits, causing them to spoil rapidly. Present in Europe for over twenty years, this exotic species represents one of the main threats to numerous fruit crops, resulting in significant economic losses. Despite the adoption of agronomic control strategies, these often prove insufficient to contain the extensive damage caused by this pest. In this context, post-harvest management plays a strategic role in reducing the presence of eggs and larvae in fruits destined for the market. This thesis aims to analyse and compare alternative strategies to those used in the past, such as methyl bromide, a substance banned in Europe by Regulation (EC) No. 1005/2009 due to its negative impact on the ozone layer. In 2025, EFSA also defined a tolerable daily intake, highlighting the growing concern regarding its toxicity. Specifically, post-harvest techniques such as irradiation, low-temperature storage, the use of modified atmosphere, ozone application and the use of essential oils are analysed, evaluating their effectiveness, limitations, and potential applications for a sustainable management of D. suzukii.
Drosophila suzukii è un dittero polifago dotato di un caratteristico ovopositore seghettato, che gli permette di ovideporre all’interno di frutti rossi sia acerbi che maturi, causandone il rapido deterioramento. Presente in Europa da oltre vent’anni, questa specie esotica rappresenta una delle principali minacce per numerose colture frutticole, con conseguenti perdite economiche rilevanti. Nonostante l’adozione di strategie di controllo agronomiche, queste si rivelano spesso insufficienti a contenere gli ingenti danni causati da questo insetto dannoso. In questo contesto, la gestione post-raccolta assume un ruolo strategico nella riduzione della presenza di uova e larve nei frutti destinati alla commercializzazione. La presente tesi ha l’obiettivo di analizzare e confrontare strategie alternative a quelle impiegate in passato, come il bromuro di metile, sostanza vietata in Europa dal Reg. (CE) n. 1005/2009 a causa del suo impatto negativo sullo strato di ozono. Recenti studi stanno inoltre indagando i possibili effetti tossici sugli animali e sull’uomo. In particolare, vengono analizzate tecniche post-raccolta come l’irradiazione, la conservazione a basse temperature, l’impiego di atmosfere modificate, l’applicazione di ozono e l’uso di oli essenziali, valutandone efficacia, limiti e potenzialità d’impiego per un approccio sostenibile alla gestione di D. suzukii.
Strategie post-raccolta per il controllo di Drosophila suzukii nella frutta fresca
CORRADIN, ALICE
2024/2025
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii is a polyphagous dipteran characterized by a distinctive serrated ovipositor, which enables it to lay eggs inside both unripe and ripe red fruits, causing them to spoil rapidly. Present in Europe for over twenty years, this exotic species represents one of the main threats to numerous fruit crops, resulting in significant economic losses. Despite the adoption of agronomic control strategies, these often prove insufficient to contain the extensive damage caused by this pest. In this context, post-harvest management plays a strategic role in reducing the presence of eggs and larvae in fruits destined for the market. This thesis aims to analyse and compare alternative strategies to those used in the past, such as methyl bromide, a substance banned in Europe by Regulation (EC) No. 1005/2009 due to its negative impact on the ozone layer. In 2025, EFSA also defined a tolerable daily intake, highlighting the growing concern regarding its toxicity. Specifically, post-harvest techniques such as irradiation, low-temperature storage, the use of modified atmosphere, ozone application and the use of essential oils are analysed, evaluating their effectiveness, limitations, and potential applications for a sustainable management of D. suzukii.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93917