Currently, the pursuit of sustainability has become one of the primary goals sought by producers and consumers of food products. Nowadays, several experiments are being conducted, including increasingly innovative methodologies to reduce pesticide use and limit their residues in food and agricultural products. At the same time, food hygiene is gaining increasing importance due to technological advances and changes in consumption habits, making it essential to ensure compliance with hygiene and food quality standards at every stage of the production chain. However, the presence of harmful arthropods still represents a significant challenge, causing considerable economic losses in the food supply chain. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) represents an effective strategy for addressing this issue by integrating chemical, biological, and physical control methods with the goal of maintaining pest populations below economically damaging thresholds. Additionally, this strategy promotes the use of natural antagonists for pest control. The present study focuses on the use of the parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens as a biological control agent targeting the eggs of two pyralid species, Plodia interpunctella and Ephestia cautella, which are common pests in the food industry. Experimental trials were conducted in which the eggs of the two species were exposed to the parasitoid to assess its parasitization capacity and evaluate its host-specific preference. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the treated groups, demonstrating a clear preference of the parasitoid for the eggs of E. cautella and an effective reduction in infestations. In conclusion, this study evaluate the efficacy of T. evanescens in controlling these pests, contributing to the reduction of chemical pesticide use and improving sustainability in food production systems.
Attualmente, la ricerca della sostenibilità è diventata una delle principali priorità per i produttori e i consumatori di prodotti alimentari. Ad esempio, nel controllo degli insetti infestanti delle derrate, sono in corso sperimentazioni che includono metodologie sempre più innovative per ridurre l’uso di pesticidi e limitarne i residui nei prodotti alimentari e agricoli. Contestualmente, l'igiene alimentare sta acquisendo una crescente importanza grazie ai progressi tecnologici e ai cambiamenti nelle abitudini di consumo, rendendo fondamentale che in ogni fase della catena di produzione venga garantito il rispetto degli standard di igiene e qualità alimentare. Tuttavia, a livello globale, la presenza di artropodi dannosi rappresenta ancora una sfida significativa, causando perdite economiche considerevoli nella filiera alimentare. La gestione integrata degli infestanti (Integrated Pest Management, IPM) rappresenta una strategia efficace per affrontare questa problematica, integrando ai metodi di controllo chimico, quelli biologici e fisici, con l’obbiettivo di mantenere i parassiti al di sotto delle soglie economiche d'intervento. Inoltre, questa strategia promuove l’uso di antagonisti naturali per il controllo degli infestanti. Il presente studio si concentra sull'uso del parassitoide Trichogramma evanescens come agente di lotta biologica contro le uova di due specie di piralidi, Plodia interpunctella ed Ephestia cautella, infestanti comuni nell'industria alimentare. Sono state condotte prove sperimentali in cui le uova delle due specie sono state esposte al parassitoide per verificare la sua capacità di parassitizzazione e valutarne la preferenza ospite-specifica. L'analisi statistica ha rivelato differenze significative tra i gruppi trattati, dimostrando una chiara preferenza del parassitoide per le uova di E. cautella e una riduzione efficace delle infestazioni. In conclusione, questo lavoro valuta l'efficacia di T. evanescens nel controllo di questi parassiti, contribuendo alla riduzione dell'uso di pesticidi chimici e migliorando la sostenibilità nelle filiere alimentari.
Efficacia del Trichogramma evanescens nel Controllo di Ephestia cautella e Plodia interpunctella nelle Derrate Alimentari
MILANI, GIULIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Currently, the pursuit of sustainability has become one of the primary goals sought by producers and consumers of food products. Nowadays, several experiments are being conducted, including increasingly innovative methodologies to reduce pesticide use and limit their residues in food and agricultural products. At the same time, food hygiene is gaining increasing importance due to technological advances and changes in consumption habits, making it essential to ensure compliance with hygiene and food quality standards at every stage of the production chain. However, the presence of harmful arthropods still represents a significant challenge, causing considerable economic losses in the food supply chain. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) represents an effective strategy for addressing this issue by integrating chemical, biological, and physical control methods with the goal of maintaining pest populations below economically damaging thresholds. Additionally, this strategy promotes the use of natural antagonists for pest control. The present study focuses on the use of the parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens as a biological control agent targeting the eggs of two pyralid species, Plodia interpunctella and Ephestia cautella, which are common pests in the food industry. Experimental trials were conducted in which the eggs of the two species were exposed to the parasitoid to assess its parasitization capacity and evaluate its host-specific preference. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the treated groups, demonstrating a clear preference of the parasitoid for the eggs of E. cautella and an effective reduction in infestations. In conclusion, this study evaluate the efficacy of T. evanescens in controlling these pests, contributing to the reduction of chemical pesticide use and improving sustainability in food production systems.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93936