This paper analyzes and discusses some of the strategies proposed by the scientific literature for the reduction of acrylamide in roasted coffee. Acrylamide, a process contaminant that forms in foods containing reducing sugars and asparagine when subjected to high-temperature thermal treatments, was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and its genotoxicity was confirmed in 2015 by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This evidence has led to regulatory adaptation, as well as to its monitoring in food and the need to find strategies to reduce its formation. Coffee is a product subjected to the roasting operation, a critical point where high operating temperatures and precursors present in the beans lead to the formation of acrylamide. Despite numerous studies proposed in the literature, the reduction of acrylamide still remains a challenge, especially on an industrial scale. Based on these premises, the paper analyzes and discusses enzymatic treatment with asparaginase, vacuum roasting, and supercritical fluid extraction as possible strategies for the reduction of acrylamide in roasted coffee.
L’elaborato analizza e discute alcune delle strategie proposte dalla letteratura scientifica per la riduzione dell’acrilammide nel caffè torrefatto. L’acrilammide, un contaminante di processo che si forma in alimenti con zuccheri riducenti e asparagina, sottoposti a trattamenti termici ad alte temperature è stata classificata come probabile cancerogeno per l’uomo dall’Agenzia Internazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (IARC) ed è stata confermata nel 2015 la sua genotossicità dall’Autorità Europea per la Sicurezza Alimentare (EFSA). Queste evidenze hanno portato ad un adeguamento normativo, nonché al suo monitoraggio negli alimenti e alla necessità di trovare strategie per ridurne la formazione. Il caffè è un prodotto sottoposto all’operazione di tostatura, punto critico in cui le alte temperature operative e i precursori presenti nei chicchi portano alla formazione di acrilammide. Nonostante numerosi studi proposti dalla letteratura, la riduzione dell’acrilammide rimane ancora una sfida, soprattutto su scala industriale. Partendo da questi presupposti, l’elaborato analizza e discute il trattamento enzimatico con asparaginasi, la tostatura sottovuoto e l’estrazione con fluidi supercritici come possibili strategie per la riduzione dell’acrilammide nel caffè torrefatto.
Riduzione del contenuto di acrilammide nel caffè torrefatto: strategie, limiti e prospettive future
PALLARO, MATTIA
2025/2026
Abstract
This paper analyzes and discusses some of the strategies proposed by the scientific literature for the reduction of acrylamide in roasted coffee. Acrylamide, a process contaminant that forms in foods containing reducing sugars and asparagine when subjected to high-temperature thermal treatments, was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and its genotoxicity was confirmed in 2015 by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This evidence has led to regulatory adaptation, as well as to its monitoring in food and the need to find strategies to reduce its formation. Coffee is a product subjected to the roasting operation, a critical point where high operating temperatures and precursors present in the beans lead to the formation of acrylamide. Despite numerous studies proposed in the literature, the reduction of acrylamide still remains a challenge, especially on an industrial scale. Based on these premises, the paper analyzes and discusses enzymatic treatment with asparaginase, vacuum roasting, and supercritical fluid extraction as possible strategies for the reduction of acrylamide in roasted coffee.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110369