Biogenic amines are low–molecular-weight nitrogenous compounds that are mainly formed through the microbial decarboxylation of free amino acids and are therefore naturally present in many fermented foods, such as wine. Their presence is relevant for two main reasons: on the one hand, they play important physiological roles in the human body; on the other hand, when ingested in high amounts, they may cause toxic effects and adverse reactions, particularly in sensitive individuals or in those with reduced enzymatic detoxification capacity. In the enological context, the formation of biogenic amines is closely associated with fermentation processes, especially malolactic fermentation, and with the activity of specific microorganisms possessing decarboxylase enzymes.
Le ammine biogene sono composti azotati a basso peso molecolare che si formano prevalentemente attraverso la decarbossilazione microbica degli amminoacidi liberi, risultando naturalmente presenti in molti alimenti fermentati, come il vino. La loro presenza è interessante per due motivi principali: da una parte, esse svolgono importanti ruoli fisiologici nell’organismo umano, mentre dall’altra, se assunte in elevate quantità, possono provocare effetti tossici e reazioni avverse, soprattutto in soggetti sensibili o con ridotta capacità di detossificazione enzimatica. Nel contesto enologico, la formazione delle ammine biogene è strettamente legata ai processi fermentativi, in particolare alla fermentazione malolattica, e all’attività di microrganismi specifici dotati di enzimi decarbossilasici
Ammine biogene nel vino: origine, fattori tecnologici e strategie di prevenzione
PEROZZO, FRANCESCA
2025/2026
Abstract
Biogenic amines are low–molecular-weight nitrogenous compounds that are mainly formed through the microbial decarboxylation of free amino acids and are therefore naturally present in many fermented foods, such as wine. Their presence is relevant for two main reasons: on the one hand, they play important physiological roles in the human body; on the other hand, when ingested in high amounts, they may cause toxic effects and adverse reactions, particularly in sensitive individuals or in those with reduced enzymatic detoxification capacity. In the enological context, the formation of biogenic amines is closely associated with fermentation processes, especially malolactic fermentation, and with the activity of specific microorganisms possessing decarboxylase enzymes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110370