Penicillium expansum is one of the most important phytopathogenic fungi affecting the fruit sector both in the field and post-harvest. In particular, this fungus is the causative agent of the disease known as blue-green mold of pome fruit. In addition to leading to fruit rot, P. expansum also produces a number of secondary metabolites that are toxic to humans, the most important of these is patulin, which can contaminate pome fruit and derived products. It is estimated that $4.5 million worth of produce is lost each year in the U.S. alone due to blue-green mold in pome fruit. Therefore, it becomes important to properly manage this issue not only to stem the huge economic losses but also to safeguard consumer health. After a description of P. expansum and patulin, this review will focus on innovative methods of containing the problem. Regarding post-harvest management of the fungus, the possible advantages of using biocontrol antagonistic agents and controlled atmosphere will be highlighted. Non-thermal technologies, Cl2O and activated carbon, on the other hand, will be examined as detoxifying strategies to reduce patulin contamination in processed products.
Penicillium expansum è uno dei funghi fitopatogeni più importanti che interessano il settore frutticolo sia in campo che in post-raccolta. In particolare, questo fungo è l’agente causale della malattia nota come muffa verde-azzurra delle pomacee. Oltre a portare a marcescenza i frutti, P. expansum produce anche una serie di metaboliti secondari tossici per l’uomo, il più importante dei quali è la patulina, che può contaminare le pomacee e i prodotti derivati. Si stima che ogni anno solo in USA vengano persi 4,5 milioni di dollari di prodotti a causa della muffa verde-azzurra delle pomacee. Diventa quindi importante gestire adeguatamente questa problematica non solo per arginare le ingenti perdite economiche ma anche per salvaguardare la salute del consumatore. Dopo una descrizione di P. expansum e della patulina, il presente elaborato si concentrerà sui metodi innovativi di contenimento del problema. Per quanto riguarda la gestione del fungo nel post-raccolta, si evidenzieranno i possibili vantaggi dell’uso di agenti antagonisti di biocontrollo e dell’atmosfera controllata. Tecnologie non termiche, Cl2O e carboni attivi invece verranno esaminati come strategie detossificanti per ridurre la contaminazione da patulina nei prodotti trasformati.
TECNICHE INNOVATIVE PER LA PREVENZIONE E LA RIDUZIONE DELLA CONTAMINAZIONE DA PATULINA IN PRODOTTI FRESCHI E PROCESSATI A BASE DI MELA
GABARDI, CARLO
2021/2022
Abstract
Penicillium expansum is one of the most important phytopathogenic fungi affecting the fruit sector both in the field and post-harvest. In particular, this fungus is the causative agent of the disease known as blue-green mold of pome fruit. In addition to leading to fruit rot, P. expansum also produces a number of secondary metabolites that are toxic to humans, the most important of these is patulin, which can contaminate pome fruit and derived products. It is estimated that $4.5 million worth of produce is lost each year in the U.S. alone due to blue-green mold in pome fruit. Therefore, it becomes important to properly manage this issue not only to stem the huge economic losses but also to safeguard consumer health. After a description of P. expansum and patulin, this review will focus on innovative methods of containing the problem. Regarding post-harvest management of the fungus, the possible advantages of using biocontrol antagonistic agents and controlled atmosphere will be highlighted. Non-thermal technologies, Cl2O and activated carbon, on the other hand, will be examined as detoxifying strategies to reduce patulin contamination in processed products.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/35787