Endocrine disruptors are substances that, according to EC Regulation 1907/2006, are capable of altering the endocrine system by affecting the production, transport, metabolism and action of hormones. The main "families" of interferents are pesticides, heavy metals, substances of industrial origin, and particularly plasticizers. In particular, within the latter family are Phthalates, a class of compounds derived from the esterification of phthalic acid. Due to the exponential increase in plastic production, phthalates are ubiquitous and ubiquitous in the environment. Their mechanisms of interference are not yet fully known with clarity despite being a source of study for several years, however, there has been evidence of interference towards our bodies particularly towards the male versus female body. Phthalates are culprits in the occurrence of reproductive disorders by interfering with the female and male reproductive systems, can lead to fetal growth problems or the occurrence of neurobehavioral disorders during growth. In addition, they are cofactors in the occurrence of asthma and cancer and promote obesity. The management of endocrine disruptors globally involves several international organizations, which are: EFSA, WHO, UNEP AND EPA; and regulations may vary from country to country. In Europe in particular, the management of endocrine disruptors is regulated mainly through the REACH regulation and the European Union Endocrine Disruptor Strategy.
Gli interferenti endocrini sono sostanze che stando al regolamento CE 1907/2006 sono in grado di alterare il sistema endocrino, influenzando la produzione, il trasporto, il metabolismo e l'azione degli ormoni. Le principali “famiglie” di interferenti sono i pesticidi, i metalli pesanti, le sostanze di origine industriale e in particolare le sostanze plastificanti. In particolare, all’interno di quest’ultima famiglia vi sono gli Ftalati, una classe di composti derivanti dall’esterificazione dell’acido ftalico. A causa dell’aumento della produzione esponenziale di plastica, gli ftalati sono ubiquitari e onnipresenti nell’ambiente. I loro meccanismi di interferenza non sono ancora del tutto noti con chiarezza nonostante siano fonte di studi da parecchi anni, però si sono evidenziati delle interferenze verso il nostro organismo in particolare modo verso l’organismo maschile rispetto a quello femminile. Gli Ftalati sono colpevoli della comparsa di disturbi riproduttivi interferendo col sistema riproduttore femminile e maschile, possono portare a problemi di accrescimento del feto o alla comparsa di disturbi neurocomportamentali durante la crescita. Inoltre, sono cofattori della comparsa di asma e tumori e favoriscono l’obesità. La gestione degli interferenti endocrini a livello globale coinvolge diverse organizzazioni internazionali che sono: EFSA, OMS, UNEP ED EPA; e le normative possono variare da paese a paese. In Europa, in particolare la gestione degli interferenti endocrini è regolamentata principalmente attraverso il regolamento REACH e la strategia per gli interferenti endocrini dell'Unione Europea.
PRESENZA DI FTALATI IN PLASTICA E ALLUMINIO E POTENZIALI EFFETTI SULLA SALUTE UMANA
CONTE, EDOARDOCLAUDIO
2023/2024
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are substances that, according to EC Regulation 1907/2006, are capable of altering the endocrine system by affecting the production, transport, metabolism and action of hormones. The main "families" of interferents are pesticides, heavy metals, substances of industrial origin, and particularly plasticizers. In particular, within the latter family are Phthalates, a class of compounds derived from the esterification of phthalic acid. Due to the exponential increase in plastic production, phthalates are ubiquitous and ubiquitous in the environment. Their mechanisms of interference are not yet fully known with clarity despite being a source of study for several years, however, there has been evidence of interference towards our bodies particularly towards the male versus female body. Phthalates are culprits in the occurrence of reproductive disorders by interfering with the female and male reproductive systems, can lead to fetal growth problems or the occurrence of neurobehavioral disorders during growth. In addition, they are cofactors in the occurrence of asthma and cancer and promote obesity. The management of endocrine disruptors globally involves several international organizations, which are: EFSA, WHO, UNEP AND EPA; and regulations may vary from country to country. In Europe in particular, the management of endocrine disruptors is regulated mainly through the REACH regulation and the European Union Endocrine Disruptor Strategy.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/67792