Ochratoxin A is a toxic secondary metabolite synthesized by several fungal species belonging to the genus Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. Its presence in food and feed poses a dangerous threat to both human and animal health, causing hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunosuppressive effects. The chronic and acute effects of OTA usually manifest in the medium-long term, often leading to the development of tumors in the gastrointestinal and urinary system. OTA is found in numerous food products such as corn, barley, oats, rye, coffee beans and powder, licorice, wine, beer, dried fruits, oilseeds, spices, and cocoa. Pork meat, pork-based foods, and dairy products are also susceptible matrices, and the increasing contamination of these substrates is raising serious concerns due to the pervasiveness of the toxin. The lack or absence of regulations concerning these products and the complex biosynthesis mechanisms of OTA, which are still being studied, are leading to the development of new research methodologies and innovative, rapid, and sensitive analytical techniques.
L’ocratossina A è un metabolita secondario tossico sintetizzato da diverse specie fungine appartenenti ai generi Aspergillus spp. e Penicillium spp. La sua diffusione su alimenti e mangimi ha un pericoloso impatto sia sulla salute umana che su quella animale, inducendo epatotossicità, nefrotossicità, neurotossicità e fenomeni immunodepressivi. Per la maggior parte dei casi, gli effetti in forma cronica e acuta si traducono a medio-lungo termine nell’insorgenza di tumori a carico del sistema gastro-intestinale e urinario. L’OTA viene riscontrata in numerosi prodotti alimentari quali mais, orzo, avena, segale, caffè in chicchi e in polvere, liquirizia, vino, birra, frutta secca, semi oleaginosi, spezie e cacao. Anche le carni suine, gli alimenti a base di esse e i prodotti lattiero-caseari sono matrici suscettibili e, data la pervasività della tossina, il crescente aumento delle contaminazioni su questi substrati sta suscitando forte preoccupazione. La carenza e/o l’assenza di normative che riguardano questi prodotti e i complessi meccanismi di biosintesi dell’OTA, ancora in fase di studio, stanno portando alla nascita di nuove metodologie di ricerca e analisi innovative, rapide e sensibili.
Contaminazione da ocratossina A in formaggi e prodotti a base di carne suina
SANMARTIN, ALESSIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Ochratoxin A is a toxic secondary metabolite synthesized by several fungal species belonging to the genus Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. Its presence in food and feed poses a dangerous threat to both human and animal health, causing hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunosuppressive effects. The chronic and acute effects of OTA usually manifest in the medium-long term, often leading to the development of tumors in the gastrointestinal and urinary system. OTA is found in numerous food products such as corn, barley, oats, rye, coffee beans and powder, licorice, wine, beer, dried fruits, oilseeds, spices, and cocoa. Pork meat, pork-based foods, and dairy products are also susceptible matrices, and the increasing contamination of these substrates is raising serious concerns due to the pervasiveness of the toxin. The lack or absence of regulations concerning these products and the complex biosynthesis mechanisms of OTA, which are still being studied, are leading to the development of new research methodologies and innovative, rapid, and sensitive analytical techniques.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Sanmartin_Alessia.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
1.52 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.52 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/67831