The artichoke belongs to the genus Cynara, in the large family Asteraceae or Compositae. Based on the morphology of the flower heads, there are four groups of varieties: Spinous Group, Violet Group, Romanesque Group, and Catanese Group. Artichoke is rich of bioactive phenolic compounds. The main phenolic compounds present in the artichoke plant are caffeic acid derivatives and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives that are strong antioxidants. Inulin is present in large quantities and has been detected in edible artichoke heads in concentrations ranging from 18.9 to 36.2 % of dry weight. In this respect, literature gives an example of a possible reuse of artichoke waste, to produce a functional ingredient as flour bread-making, thus obtaining an inulin-rich bread. In addition, to minimize waste from the industrial processing, the choice of cultivar with lower enzymatic browning issue could be proposed.
Il carciofo appartiene al genere Cynara, nella grande famiglia delle Asteraceae o Compositae. In base alla morfologia dei capolini vengono suddivise quattro gruppi di varietà: Gruppo Spinosi, Gruppo Violetti, Gruppo Romaneschi, Gruppo Catanese. Il carciofo è ricco di composti fenolici bioattivi. I principali composti fenolici presenti nella pianta di carciofo sono i derivati dell’acido caffeico e dell’acido caffeoilchinico che sono fortemente antiossidanti. L’inulina è presente in grandi quantità, è stata rilevata nei capolini di carciofo commestibili in concentrazione che va dal 18,9 al 36,2% del peso secco. A questo proposito, la letteratura fornisce un esempio di possibile riutilizzo degli scarti di carciofo, per produrre un ingrediente funzionale come farina destinata alla panificazione, ottenendo così un pane ricco di inulina. Oltre a minimizzare gli scarti della lavorazione industriale, si potrebbe proporre la scelta di cultivar con minore suscettibilità all’imbrunimento enzimatico.
Il carciofo, un fiore edibile da valorizzare
VALENTI, MARTINA
2023/2024
Abstract
The artichoke belongs to the genus Cynara, in the large family Asteraceae or Compositae. Based on the morphology of the flower heads, there are four groups of varieties: Spinous Group, Violet Group, Romanesque Group, and Catanese Group. Artichoke is rich of bioactive phenolic compounds. The main phenolic compounds present in the artichoke plant are caffeic acid derivatives and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives that are strong antioxidants. Inulin is present in large quantities and has been detected in edible artichoke heads in concentrations ranging from 18.9 to 36.2 % of dry weight. In this respect, literature gives an example of a possible reuse of artichoke waste, to produce a functional ingredient as flour bread-making, thus obtaining an inulin-rich bread. In addition, to minimize waste from the industrial processing, the choice of cultivar with lower enzymatic browning issue could be proposed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/67840