Aquaponics is a technology that aims to integrate methods capable of providing technical, biological, chemical, environmental, and economic benefits to the fields of recirculating aquaculture and hydroponics. The logic of integrated systems allows for the optimization of shared resources, such as water and nutrients, between aquaculture and plant production, promoting more sustainable primary production practices from both an environmental and economic perspective. This study focused on evaluating the effects of dietary supplementation with a mineral pre-mix containing iron, iodine, manganese, selenium, and zinc on the productive performance and quality of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) reared in a coupled aquaponic system for the integrated production of fish and lettuce. The experimental trial was conducted in the greenhouse of the "Lucio Toniolo" experimental farm at the University of Padua and lasted 170 days, during which four lettuce crop cycles were carried out (two with butterhead lettuce and two with oakleaf lettuce). The experimental setup consisted of nine independent aquaponic systems. The experimental design included a single factor (feed supplementation with the mineral pre-mix) tested at three levels: M1 = 0,7% mineral pre-mix; M2 = 1,4% mineral pre-mix; M3 = 2,1% mineral pre-mix. Each level was replicated three times. The fish were monitored daily and fed twice a day, while water quality and fish health were regularly checked. The weight and biometric data of the fish were recorded monthly. At the end of the trial, the fish were slaughtered to evaluate yield parameters and the quality of the final product. Dietary supplementation with increasing doses of the mineral pre-mix did not significantly affect fish performance or fillet quality, except for selenium and iodine contents, which showed a progressive accumulation correlated with the increasing concentration of the pre-mix in the diet. Regarding the lettuce, significant differences in the yield of the edible part were observed only in the last two crop cycles, with better performance recorded in the M2 group compared to M1 and M3. In conclusion, increasing the level of mineral pre-mix in the diet of largemouth bass, from 0,7% to 2,1%, had no significant impact on fish health or performance and produced only marginal variations in lettuce yield. However, the selenium and iodine contents in the fillets increased proportionally, promoting biofortification of the final product.
L’acquaponica è una tecnologia che mira a integrare metodi capaci di offrire vantaggi tecnici, biologici, chimici, ambientali ed economici nei settori dell’acquacoltura a ricircolo e dell’idroponica. La logica dei sistemi integrati consente di ottimizzare le risorse condivise tra acquacoltura e produzione vegetale, come acqua e nutrienti, promuovendo pratiche di produzione primaria più sostenibili sia dal punto di vista ambientale che economico. Il presente studio si è concentrato sulla valutazione degli effetti dell’integrazione alimentare con un pre-mix minerale contenente ferro, iodio, manganese, selenio e zinco, sulle prestazioni produttive e sulla qualità dei pesci persico trota (Micropterus salmoides) allevati in un sistema acquaponico accoppiato per la produzione integrata di pesci e lattuga. La sperimentazione è stata condotta presso la serra dell’azienda agricola sperimentale “Lucio Toniolo” dell’Università degli Studi di Padova e si è protratta per 170 giorni, durante i quali sono stati realizzati quattro cicli colturali di lattuga (due di lattuga gentile e due di lattuga canasta). L’impianto sperimentale comprendeva nove sistemi acquaponici indipendenti. Il disegno sperimentale prevedeva un unico fattore (l’integrazione del mangime con il pre-mix di microelementi) testato a tre livelli: M1 = 0,7% di pre-mix minerale; M2 = 1,4% di pre-mix minerale; M3 = 2,1% di pre-mix minerale. Ogni livello è stato replicato tre volte. I pesci sono stati monitorati quotidianamente e alimentati due volte al giorno, mentre la qualità dell’acqua e lo stato di salute dei pesci sono stati controllati regolarmente. Peso e dati biometrici dei pesci sono stati registrati mensilmente. Alla fine della prova, i pesci sono stati macellati per valutare i parametri di resa alla macellazione e la qualità del prodotto finale. L’integrazione della dieta con dosi crescenti di pre-mix minerale non ha influenzato significativamente le prestazioni produttive dei pesci né la qualità dei filetti, ad eccezione del contenuto di selenio e iodio, che hanno mostrato un accumulo progressivo correlato all’aumento della concentrazione del pre-mix nella dieta. Per quanto riguarda le lattughe, differenze significative nella resa della parte edibile sono state osservate solo negli ultimi due cicli colturali, con prestazioni migliori registrate nel gruppo M2 rispetto ai gruppi M1 e M3. In conclusione, l’aumento del livello di pre-mix minerale nella dieta dei persici trota, dal 0,7% al 2,1%, non ha avuto impatti rilevanti sulla salute o sulle prestazioni dei pesci, e ha prodotto solo variazioni marginali nella resa delle lattughe. Tuttavia, il contenuto di selenio e iodio nei filetti è aumentato proporzionalmente, favorendo la biofortificazione del prodotto finale.
Effetto della biofortificazione con microelementi su prestazioni e qualità di pesci persico trota (Micropterus salmoides) allevati in un sistema acquaponico accoppiato
LANZA, DANIELE
2023/2024
Abstract
Aquaponics is a technology that aims to integrate methods capable of providing technical, biological, chemical, environmental, and economic benefits to the fields of recirculating aquaculture and hydroponics. The logic of integrated systems allows for the optimization of shared resources, such as water and nutrients, between aquaculture and plant production, promoting more sustainable primary production practices from both an environmental and economic perspective. This study focused on evaluating the effects of dietary supplementation with a mineral pre-mix containing iron, iodine, manganese, selenium, and zinc on the productive performance and quality of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) reared in a coupled aquaponic system for the integrated production of fish and lettuce. The experimental trial was conducted in the greenhouse of the "Lucio Toniolo" experimental farm at the University of Padua and lasted 170 days, during which four lettuce crop cycles were carried out (two with butterhead lettuce and two with oakleaf lettuce). The experimental setup consisted of nine independent aquaponic systems. The experimental design included a single factor (feed supplementation with the mineral pre-mix) tested at three levels: M1 = 0,7% mineral pre-mix; M2 = 1,4% mineral pre-mix; M3 = 2,1% mineral pre-mix. Each level was replicated three times. The fish were monitored daily and fed twice a day, while water quality and fish health were regularly checked. The weight and biometric data of the fish were recorded monthly. At the end of the trial, the fish were slaughtered to evaluate yield parameters and the quality of the final product. Dietary supplementation with increasing doses of the mineral pre-mix did not significantly affect fish performance or fillet quality, except for selenium and iodine contents, which showed a progressive accumulation correlated with the increasing concentration of the pre-mix in the diet. Regarding the lettuce, significant differences in the yield of the edible part were observed only in the last two crop cycles, with better performance recorded in the M2 group compared to M1 and M3. In conclusion, increasing the level of mineral pre-mix in the diet of largemouth bass, from 0,7% to 2,1%, had no significant impact on fish health or performance and produced only marginal variations in lettuce yield. However, the selenium and iodine contents in the fillets increased proportionally, promoting biofortification of the final product.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/77862