Gender-based violence is one of the most serious forms of social injustice, as well as one of the most pervasive expressions of inequality. According to the main definitions adopted by international institutions, gender-based violence includes all acts of violence, whether physical or psychological, that are rooted in a structural asymmetry of power between the genders and disproportionately affect women and people who do not conform to the dominant patriarchal model. In some cases, violence can occur in the private sphere, such as within family or romantic relationships. For this very reason, it can sometimes be difficult to identify the violence (because when violence is perpetrated by a family member, it is more difficult to label it), report it, and protect victims. In other cases, violence takes more subtle and systemic forms, such as economic, symbolic, or institutional violence. In recent decades, interest in this phenomenon has grown significantly, both in scientific research and in clinical and social practice. Despite the breadth of available literature on the subject, gender-based violence still represents a complex theoretical and operational challenge. This challenge requires multidisciplinary approaches and integrated interventions, because understanding and addressing gender-based violence requires going beyond the mere identification of violent acts. To truly understand these acts, it is necessary to question the cultural and relational roots that sustain them, the collective representations that normalize them, the educational models that perpetuate them, and the most effective prevention and reparation strategies to adopt. In the field of psychology, the analysis of violence cannot ignore both the subjective effects of the traumatic experience on victims and the psychological mechanisms that sustain and justify the perpetrators' behavior. This dual perspective requires diversified theoretical and methodological tools, capable of interpreting phenomena in their entirety, without simplifications. Furthermore, the need to design and evaluate targeted interventions, based on scientific evidence but also attentive to the context, culture, and personal history of those involved, is becoming increasingly crucial.
La violenza di genere costituisce una delle più gravi forme di ingiustizia sociale oltre ad essere una tra le espressioni più pervasive di disuguaglianza. Secondo le principali definizioni adottate dalle istituzioni internazionali, la violenza di genere comprende tutti quegli atti di violenza, fisica o psicologica, che hanno alla base un’asimmetria di potere strutturale tra i generi e che colpiscono sproporzionatamente le donne e le persone non conformi al modello patriarcale dominante. In alcuni casi la violenza può essere manifestata nella sfera privata, come per esempio all’interno di relazioni familiari o affettive, proprio per questo a volte può essere difficile l’identificazione della violenza (perché quando la violenza è perpetuata da un familiare è più difficile etichettarla come tale), la denuncia e la protezione delle vittime. Mentre in altri casi la violenza assume forme più sottili e sistemiche, come la violenza economica, simbolica o istituzionale. Negli ultimi decenni l’interesse verso questo fenomeno è cresciuto notevolmente, sia nell’ambito della ricerca scientifica, sia nella partica clinica e sociale. Nonostante l’ampiezza della letteratura disponibile in merito, la violenza di genere rappresenta ancora una sfida teorica e operativa complessa. Questa sfida richiede approcci multidisciplinari e interventi integrati, perché per comprendere e affrontare la violenza di genere è necessario andare oltre la mera identificazione degli atti violenti. Per comprendere veramente questi atti è necessario interrogarsi sulle radici culturali e relazionali che li sostengono, sulle rappresentazioni collettive che li normalizzano, sui modelli educativi che li perpetuano e sulle strategie di prevenzione e riparazione più efficaci da adottare. Nel campo della psicologia, l’analisi della violenza non può prescindere dal considerare tanto gli effetti soggettivi dell’esperienza traumatica sulle vittime, quanto i meccanismi psicologici che sostengono e giustificano i comportamenti degli autori. Questo duplice sguardo richiede strumenti teorici e metodologici diversificati, capaci di leggere i fenomeni nella loro interezza, senza semplificazioni. Inoltre, diventa sempre più centrale la necessità di progettare e valutare interventi mirati, fondati sull’evidenza scientifica ma anche attenti al contesto, alla cultura, alla storia personale dei soggetti coinvolti.
Psicologia della violenza di genere: dinamiche relazionali e lettura eco-femminista
MORINI, GIADA
2024/2025
Abstract
Gender-based violence is one of the most serious forms of social injustice, as well as one of the most pervasive expressions of inequality. According to the main definitions adopted by international institutions, gender-based violence includes all acts of violence, whether physical or psychological, that are rooted in a structural asymmetry of power between the genders and disproportionately affect women and people who do not conform to the dominant patriarchal model. In some cases, violence can occur in the private sphere, such as within family or romantic relationships. For this very reason, it can sometimes be difficult to identify the violence (because when violence is perpetrated by a family member, it is more difficult to label it), report it, and protect victims. In other cases, violence takes more subtle and systemic forms, such as economic, symbolic, or institutional violence. In recent decades, interest in this phenomenon has grown significantly, both in scientific research and in clinical and social practice. Despite the breadth of available literature on the subject, gender-based violence still represents a complex theoretical and operational challenge. This challenge requires multidisciplinary approaches and integrated interventions, because understanding and addressing gender-based violence requires going beyond the mere identification of violent acts. To truly understand these acts, it is necessary to question the cultural and relational roots that sustain them, the collective representations that normalize them, the educational models that perpetuate them, and the most effective prevention and reparation strategies to adopt. In the field of psychology, the analysis of violence cannot ignore both the subjective effects of the traumatic experience on victims and the psychological mechanisms that sustain and justify the perpetrators' behavior. This dual perspective requires diversified theoretical and methodological tools, capable of interpreting phenomena in their entirety, without simplifications. Furthermore, the need to design and evaluate targeted interventions, based on scientific evidence but also attentive to the context, culture, and personal history of those involved, is becoming increasingly crucial.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/90984